Supplementary Data

• Supplementary Material 1 - Extended Materials and Methods (PDF 318 KB)
• Supplementary Figure 1 - Plasma palmitate enrichment during tracer infusion (A), area under plasma ¹³C₁₆-plamitate enrichment curve (B, AUC) plasma palmitate turnover rate (C) and plasma free fatty acids turnover rate (D) during 2 hours of primed-continuous tracer infusion. Infusion rate and tracer dose was adjusted for animal body weight as described in Materials and Methods section. C-control; HFD-high-fat diet; HFD/Met-metformin treated; Values are mean +/- SD (n=8 for each group). (PDF 75 KB)
• Supplementary Figure 2 - Muscle C16:0-CoA enrichment (A), fractional synthesis rate (B) and total tissue acyl-CoA turnover rate (C). C-control; HFD-high-fat diet; HFD/Met-metformin treated; Values are mean +/- SD (n=8 for each group). (PDF 53 KB)
• Supplementary Figure 3 - Metformin treatment restores balance between acyl-carnitine and acyl-CoA synthesis rates in skeletal muscle of HFD-fed animals. Decrease in respective FSR ratio observed in HFD animals suggest mismatch between the rate of acyl-carnitine synthesis in mitochondria (rate of mitochondrial FA uptake) and myocellular acyl-CoA synthesis (rate of cellular FA uptake). HFD-high-fat diet; HFD/Met-metformin treated. Values are mean +/- SD (n=8 for each group). p<0.05 versus: a- vs. Control group; *- vs. HFD group. (PDF 37 KB)
• Supplementary Figure 4 - Concentration (A) and fractional synthesis rate (B) of C16:0-Cer in skeletal muscle of rat. HFD-high-fat diet; HFD/Met-metformin treated; Values are mean +/- SD (n=8 for each group). (PDF 69 KB)
• Supplementary Figure 5 - Concentration (upper panels) and fractional synthesis rate (FSR, lower panels) of C16:0/C18:1-DAG (A,B) and C16:0/18:1-DAG (C,D) in skeletal muscle of rat. HFD-high-fat diet; HFD/Met-metformin treated; Values are mean +/- SD (n=8 for each group). (PDF 7 KB)
• Supplementary Table 1 - Body weight, fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin and HOMA-IR value of rats with HFD-induced insulin resistance and under metformin treatment (HFD/Met). (PDF 10 KB)
• Supplementary Table 2 - Content of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) of rats with HFD-induced insulin resistance and under metformin treatment (HFD/Met). (PDF 9 KB)
• Supplementary Table 3 - Content of long-chain fatty acid acyl-CoA (LCACoA) in skeletal muscle of rats with HFD-induced insulin resistance and under metformin treatment (HFD/Met). (PDF 7 KB)
• Supplementary Table 4 - Content of skeletal muscle palmitoyl (C16:0-) and oleoyl (C18:1-) long-chain acyl- carnitine (LCAcyl-AC) in skeletal muscle of rats with HFD-induced insulin resistance and under metformin treatment (HFD/Met). (PDF 116 KB)
• Supplementary Table 5 - Content of skeletal muscle ceramide (Cer) molecular species in skeletal muscle of rats with HFD-induced insulin resistance and under metformin treatment (HFD/Met). (PDF 61 KB)
• Supplementary Table 6 - Content of rat skeletal muscle diacylglycerol (DAG) molecular species in skeletal muscle of rats with HFD-induced insulin resistance and under metformin (HFD/Met) treatment. (PDF 10 KB)
• Supplementary Table 7 - Results of principal component analysis. (PDF 33 KB)
• Supplementary Table 8 - List of variables and loadings for each of the principal components. (PDF 21 KB)