Exogenous thyroxine improves glucose intolerance in insulin-resistant rats

  1. Rudy M Ortiz1
  1. 1Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California, Merced, California, USA
  2. 2Division of Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Biological and Agropecuary Sciences, University of Sonora, Navojoa, Sonora, Mexico
  3. 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
  1. Correspondence should be addressed to G Vazquez-Anaya; Email: Gvazquez-anaya{at}ucmerced.edu
  1. Figure 1

    Mean (±s.e.) (A) food consumption, (B) BM throughout the course of the study and (C) cumulative change of BM of LETO, OLETF and OLETF+T4. P < 0.05 vs LETO.

  2. Figure 2

    Mean (±s.e.) (A) blood glucose and (B) plasma insulin levels taken during an oral glucose tolerance test and corresponding area under the curve (AUC) and (C) insulin resistance index (IRI) of LETO, OLETF and OLETF + T4. P < 0.05 vs LETO. #P < 0.05 vs OLETF.

  3. Figure 3

    Mean (±s.e.) (A) TSH, (B) total T4, (C) free T4 (fT4) and (D) total T3 measured in plasma of LETO, OLETF and OLETF + T4. P < 0.05 vs LETO. #P < 0.05 vs OLETF.

  4. Figure 4

    Mean (±s.e.) percent change from LETO for Na+/K+ ATPase in soleus muscle of LETO, OLETF and OLETF + T4 after 5-week treatment and representative Western blot bands. P < 0.05 vs LETO. #P < 0.05 vs OLETF.

  5. Figure 5

    Mean (±s.e.) fold change of mRNA expression relative to LETO for (A) Mct10, (B) DI1, (C) Di2, (D) THRβ-1, (E) Ucp2 and (F) SIRT 1 in soleus muscle of LETO, OELTF and OLETF + T4 after 5-week treatment. P < 0.05 vs LETO. #P < 0.05 vs OLETF.

  6. Figure 6

    Mean (±s.e.) percent change from LETO for the ratios of (A) p-INS to INS (B) p-AMPK to AMPK including representative Western blot bands and (C) mean fold-change of mRNA expression relative to LETO for Glut4 in soleus muscle of LETO, OLETF and OLETF + T4 after 5-week treatment. #P < 0.05 vs OLETF.

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