Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, angiotensin-(1–7) and Mas: new players of the renin–angiotensin system

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   Figure 1

   Detailed representation of the renin–angiotensin system cascade. The metabolic pathways involved in the generation of the main products of this system are focused in the insert. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; Ang, angiotensin; Aog, angiotensinogen; AMP, aminopeptidase; AT₁, Ang II type 1 receptor; AT₂, Ang II type 2 receptor; Mas, Ang-(1–7) receptor; D-Amp, dipeptidyl-aminopeptidase; IRAP, insulin regulated aminopeptidase; PCP, prolylcarboxypeptidase; PEP, prolylendopeptidase; NEP, neutral endopeptidase 24.11; (P)RR, (pro)renin receptor.
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   Figure 2

   Opposing cardiovascular effects of the two major peptides of the renin–angiotensin system, Ang II and Ang-(1–7). The intersection between these two arms of the system is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), since this enzyme can cleave the vasoconstrictor/proliferative peptide Ang II to form the vasodilator/antiproliferative fragment Ang-(1–7). AT₁, Ang II type 1 receptor; Mas, Ang-(1–7) receptor. Ang, angiotensin.
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   Figure 3

   Phenotypic changes observed in mice with gene-targeted deletion of Mas.

• © 2013 Society for Endocrinology