Association studies in thyroid cancer susceptibility: are we on the right track?

  1. Mercedes Robledo1,2
  1. 1Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    2Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
  1. (Correspondence should be addressed to M Robledo at Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO); Email: mrobledo{at}cnio.es)
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    Figure 1

    Schematic representation of the genetic contribution of gene variants to thyroid cancer, depending on the odds ratio and allele frequency of the reported variants. (A) Genes associated with non-medullary thyroid cancer; (B) Genes associated with medullary thyroid cancer.

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    Figure 2

    Model of genetic and environmental heterogeneity in individual predisposition to non-medullary thyroid cancer. In this model, several factors are necessary for the development of PTC or FTC. The individual genetic background, either monogenic in familial cases or polygenic in sporadic cases, determines a thyroid cancer-prone condition for a given individual. In addition, exogenous harmful agents, and the acquisition of deleterious somatic mutations in specific genes ultimately determine the development of the disease.

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  1. doi: 10.1530/JME-11-0005 J Mol Endocrinol 47 R43-R58
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