| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
REVIEW |
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
2 Center for Prostate Disease Research and Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University, School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
3 Eppley Institute for Cancer Research, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
(Requests for offprints should be addressed to M-F Lin, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5870, USA; Email: mlin{at}unmc.edu)
Human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAcP) was used as a valuable surrogate marker for monitoring prostate cancer prior to the availability of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Even though the level of PAcP is increased in the circulation of prostate cancer patients, its intracellular level and activity are greatly diminished in prostate cancer cells. Recent advances in understanding the function of the cellular form of PAcP (cPAcP) have shed some light on its role in prostate carcinogenesis, which may have potential applications for prostate cancer therapy. It is now evident that cPAcP functions as a neutral protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) in prostate cancer cells and dephosphorylates HER-2/ErbB-2/Neu (HER-2: human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) at the phosphotyrosine (p-Tyr) residues. Dephosphorylation of HER-2 at its p-Tyr residues results in the down-regulation of its specific activity, which leads to decreases in growth and tumorigenicity of those cancer cells. Conversely, decreased cPAcP expression correlates with hyperphosphorylation of HER-2 at tyrosine residues and activation of downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, which results in prostate cancer progression as well as androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells. These in vitro results on the effect of cPAcP on androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells corroborate the clinical findings that cPAcP level is greatly decreased in advanced prostate cancer and provide insights into one of the molecular mechanisms involved in prostate cancer progression. Results from experiments using xenograft animal models further indicate a novel role of cPAcP as a tumor suppressor. Future studies are warranted to clarify the use of cPAcP as a therapeutic agent in human prostate cancer patients.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. M. Alam, M. Rajendran, S. Ouyang, S. Veeramani, L. Zhang, and M.-F. Lin A novel role of Shc adaptor proteins in steroid hormone-regulated cancers Endocr. Relat. Cancer, March 1, 2009; 16(1): 1 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Gackiere, G. Bidaux, P. Delcourt, F. Van Coppenolle, M. Katsogiannou, E. Dewailly, A. Bavencoffe, M. T. Van Chuoi-Mariot, B. Mauroy, N. Prevarskaya, et al. CaV3.2 T-type Calcium Channels Are Involved in Calcium-dependent Secretion of Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Cells J. Biol. Chem., April 11, 2008; 283(15): 10162 - 10173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
 I. B. Quintero, C. L. Araujo, A. E. Pulkka, R. S. Wirkkala, A. M. Herrala, E.-L. Eskelinen, E. Jokitalo, P. A. Hellstrom, H. J. Tuominen, P. P. Hirvikoski, et al. Prostatic Acid Phosphatase Is Not a Prostate Specific Target Cancer Res., July 15, 2007; 67(14): 6549 - 6554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
