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Endocrine-Related Cancer 11 (4) 623-641    DOI: 10.1677/erc.1.00778
Copyright © 2004 by the Society for Endocrinology.
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REVIEW

Growth factor-driven mechanisms associated with resistance to estrogen deprivation in breast cancer: new opportunities for therapy

R I Nicholson, C Staka, F Boyns, I R Hutcheson and J M W Gee

Tenovus Centre for Cancer Research, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

(Requests for offprints should be addressed to R I Nicholson; nicholsonri{at}cardiff.ac.uk)

There is an increasing body of evidence demonstrating that elevated growth signaling in breast cancer cells can promote forms of endocrine resistance in either an estrogen receptor-dependent or -independent manner. The current article reviews what is known about such growth factor signaling networks and resistance to estrogen withdrawal and considers the many novel therapeutic opportunities that stem from this knowledge.




This article has been cited by other articles: (Search Google Scholar for Other Citing Articles)


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 Endocr Relat CancerHome page
N. Normanno, M. Di Maio, E. De Maio, A. De Luca, A. de Matteis, A. Giordano, F. Perrone, and on behalf of the NCI-Naples Breast Cancer Group
Mechanisms of endocrine resistance and novel therapeutic strategies in breast cancer
Endocr. Relat. Cancer, December 1, 2005; 12(4): 721 - 747.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Endocr Relat CancerHome page
J M Gee, J F Robertson, E Gutteridge, I O Ellis, S E Pinder, M Rubini, and R I Nicholson
Epidermal growth factor receptor/HER2/insulin-like growth factor receptor signalling and oestrogen receptor activity in clinical breast cancer
Endocr. Relat. Cancer, July 1, 2005; 12(Supplement_1): S99 - S111.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Endocr Relat CancerHome page
C. M Staka, R. I Nicholson, and J. M W Gee
Acquired resistance to oestrogen deprivation: role for growth factor signalling kinases/oestrogen receptor cross-talk revealed in new MCF-7X model
Endocr. Relat. Cancer, July 1, 2005; 12(Supplement_1): S85 - S97.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Endocr Relat CancerHome page
R I Nicholson, I R Hutcheson, S E Hiscox, J M Knowlden, M Giles, D Barrow, and J M W Gee
Growth factor signalling and resistance to selective oestrogen receptor modulators and pure anti-oestrogens: the use of anti-growth factor therapies to treat or delay endocrine resistance in breast cancer
Endocr. Relat. Cancer, July 1, 2005; 12(Supplement_1): S29 - S36.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 2004 by the Society for Endocrinology.